Historians & Nature Lovers: Hike the Beautiful Butano With An Expert….Mike Merritt

Story by Mike Merritt, Butano State Park Seasonal Interpreter

Hi June,

In August I am putting on some special interest hikes at Butano State Park.

On Sunday Aug. 10 at 1:00, I am leading a two hour hike on the Goat Hill Trail. Along with the ever
interesting plant and animal life of the area, Goat Hill was also a major homesteading area for many years, and we will be visiting historical sites along the way and discussing their importance.

I hope to have photos and artifacts handy as well. The hike is roughly two to three miles with sections of uphill. Water, snacks, and good hiking shoes are recommended.

Meet at the intersection of the Olmo Fire Road and the Park Road.

The other hike I am leading is in the Gazos Canyon from 1:00 to 3:00.

A sanctuary for animal life including the Steel-Head Trout and the Marbled Murrelet, the canyon also holds a rich history of logging mills. While enjoying the pristine creek, with its second-growth redwoods, we will explore the remains of the logging days of the Gazos.

A moderate hike, roughly two miles. Wear good shoes and bring water and snacks. Meet at the intersection of Gazos Creek and Cloverdale Roads.

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Here’s the Pix: Where’s the Fog Whistle? Story by John Vonderlin

All photos below are from the California Coastal Records Project (CCRP).

Email John Vonderlin ([email protected])

Email Russell Towle ([email protected])

Hi Russell,

Yes. I see the trouble in the positioning of the reputed Fog Whistle building in the photo. It seems like it should be to the right of the residence based on the relationship of the boathouse and the water storage tank. I’ll send some of the photos I’ve gathered. Maybe you can figure it out. Enjoy. John


Russell Towle (RT) Cool. BTW did you know of the old stone dam above Cascade Ranch? On,
what, Cascade Creek?

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1930s: Memorial Park

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Forbidden Ano Nuevo: The Ins and Outs

Email John Vonderlin ([email protected])
Email Russell Towle ([email protected])

John Vonderlin (JV) The attached file is a Google Earth photo of Ano Nuevo Island showing the water cachment next to the Fog Whistle building. I assume the sloped larger light area surrounding the circular depression was part of the catchment.

Russell Towle (RT)
Wow, great image. Yes that’s the catchment and the cistern is below
ground. They might have used a wind pump for all I know.

You can even see seals on the beaches. I had forgotten all about the
cement walls surrounding the area, like breakwaters as it were. One
could lean on the walls and look out to sea. They show up clearly in
the photo.

I wonder to what extent the Indians hunted the seals of all types. The
roughness of the coastal terrain militates against heavy human
populations, yet, one wonders. There could have been seasonal visits
to such areas, rich in seals, by tribes, clans, across the mountains
in the Santa Clara Valley. Here the Maidu would wander up into the
high Sierra in the summer, where they shared the high country with the
similarly-wandering Washoe from east of the crest.

Taking my best guess I can imagine small year-around villages along
that part of the coast, and seasonal visits by interior tribes which
might swell hunting camps as at Año Nuevo to a transient population of
a hundred or two hundred.

Here in this part of the Sierra there is cryptic evidence of an older,
pre-historic, pre-Maidu population, some 1500 to 4000 years ago, who
used atlatls, spear-throwers, and made elaborate petroglyphs.
Pre-bow-and-arrow Indians. Their spear points would be mistaken for
arrowheads by most people. An atlatl ought to work well on a seal,
even an elephant seal. Probably the main difficulty is that a
mortally-wounded seal would tend to escape into the ocean while dying.

Of course farther north the CA Indians went out to sea after whales in
huge dugout canoes. Unfortunately our records of the Costanoans are if
anything sparser than most.

You will know that during the last major ice advance, ending 12,000
years ago, sea level was much much lower than now. Hence much in the
wya of the oldest artifacts are out there beneath the waves and
beyond. I do recall that some abalone divers found a pair of matched
stone pestles in the reefs between the Point and the Island, back
around 1970. But here we may be talking more in the way of rapid
retreat of the coastline than rising sea level. The rise to present
levels was complete by 8,000 years ago at the least. One should think
of the unstable and rapidly-eroding coast as being still in a phase of
adjustment to the higher sea levels, that is, still in a
yet-more-rapidly-eroding phase.

All this of course complicated by the various motions along the faults
in the area, which are not just right-lateral or lateral
displacements, but always show some component of vertical displacement
as well. The many “fossil” marine terraces standing well above seal
level all along the coast are not relics of a previous higher sea
level, they are artifacts of tectonic uplift, wildly unequal and
lacking uniformity. All Año Nuevo Point is one such uplifted marine
terrace. The terraces are wave-cut, were formed below sea level. The
terrace at Davenport is likewise a marine terrace uplifted by tectonic
forces.

You could hardly find a more complicated geology, than is presented by
the Santa Cruz Mountains.

There are Indian caves in a cliff-walled canyon down towards Santa
Cruz, south of Davenport; I used to explore them; they had been dug at
least cursorily by UC Santa Cruz archeologists, I believe. They are
interesting because they demonstrate just how marginal a cave (so far
as size, ease of access, and other factors of convenience and comfort)
can be, and still have been put to use.

R

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There were TWO fog whistles…with one at Ano Nuevo

John Vonderlin (JV):   Here are some pages from Harvey Mowry’s book that concern the Fog Whistle. He gave me permission to use his book for educational purposes when I called him a month or so ago to track down a copy of his book for Robin Caldwell. The San Mateo Historical Society had four, apparently the last four left at that time. Meg just bought herself another copy, so I could dogear this one I borrowed from her. And now there are only two left. I wish my responsibilities didn’t prevent me from driving up to Pioneer to sit down and talk with him about his books and his memories of the Gazos area early in the last century. Enjoy.

Russell Towle (RT): I  gather the crossing to the Island was hazardous even back then.

The pier on the Island is exactly where we used to beach the Zodiac raft.

I believe the one photo misidentifies the fog whistle building as
being behind the residence. As the first photo correctly states, the
fog whistle building was on the northwest corner of the island. In the
incorrectly-labeled photo, the fog whistle would have been on the
southwest corner. I can’t rule it out, but the two captions are
inconsistent, either one is wrong, or the other.

To me that fog-whistle building must be the same one which was in such
great shape even in 1970. It was on the northwest end of things, as
seen in your Google aerial photo. I don’t recall any trace of the
small steam engine. The picture shows it before those cement walls
were built, with their extensive slabs.

Those cement slabs near what I think is the true fog-whistle building
were not favored by the sea lions; they and the sea elephants stayed
off them. Hence not covered with feces. But they loved the house.

R

June: When the Pigeon Point lighthouse was built in 1872, it was not the first fog whistle on the South Coast. There was already one at Ano Nuevo, and the locals grumbled that the ships passing by could get confused–because the whistles were timed differently.

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Who is this genius, Merrill Bickford?

June says: Russell, I remember meeting Merrill. He’s the man I met at AN, near the big sculpture with his address on it. There were numbers carved in it.

Russell Towle says: Cool.

So you met Merrill!

He was amazing. He had an old Willys 4WD station wagon. When it came
time to lift the 6X12 rafters and 12X12 ridgepoles into place, just a
month or two before those photos were taken, Merrill contrived a
bizarre thing out of driftwood and weird old stuff he’d bought at
junkyards. Let’s see. A funky trailer made from an old pickup truck
bed. To that attach a 5-horsepower gasoline engine. To that attach a
winch with a hundred feet of cable. To the funky trailer attach long
beams spliced together by overlapping them and bolting them together,
to make a boom. Attach an old pulley to the top of the boom, and run
the cable through it.

Then winch the heavy 6X12’s into the air. However, the boom canted so
far aft of the trailer that at the slightest provocation the weight
would overbalance, and first the trailer itself with engine, winch,
and all would lift into the air, and then the back of the Willys would
lift into the air.

What was required was to drive the thing in low range, first gear, and
never ever turn at all sharply. We’d hoist those big beams up just a
few feet, the rafters, and then drive them around to the side of the
house they belonged to. Then, temporarily brace the boom, and winch
them higher. Higher. Nerve-wracking. Each one weighed hundreds of
pounds. Plus each 6X12 rafter had a very precise “birdsmouth” cut
(Merrill called it) to fit around the 12X12 ridgepole, which was on a
45-degree angle like a diamond. So the rafters were cut to fit around
that corner of the 12X12. Once in place, a few spikes would secure
them long enough for me to climb up on top of the ridge and drill long
holes with a 3/4-inch augur bit eighteen inches long, through both
6X12 rafter and 12X12 ridgepole. Then I would run a long bolt through,
galvanized, which Merrill had picked up at some junkyard, used PG&E
bolts I believe, and add a big washer and nut and tighten it all up.

So the framing of the Big House was quite an adventure.

R

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Forbidden AN…And more of the things I love

Captions/Photos by Russell Towle

email Russell ([email protected])

The picture “cabin north” is just inside my tiny cabin looking north.


My kitchen had a Corona hand mill I had bought via the Whole Earth
Catalog
. I ground up my own cream of rice from brown rice, things like
that.


The Big House, now a ranger residence, was framed from huge old
redwood bridge timbers. Then we filled in with adobe bricks to make
the walls. You can see the palettes of big adobe bricks.


Janet Creelman, I always thought of her, although at this time she was
married to Merrill Bickford aka Stuart Harwood. An amazing person.


Merrill Bickford. The building contractor cum sculptor who won a
Fulbright scholarship to study bronze casting in Italy back in the
1950s. Quite an unusual man, very gifted. Prone to rants about Art.

R

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A few of the things I love

Photos/captions by Russell Towle
email Russell ([email protected])

Hi June and John,

I thought you might like to see some pictures of my cabin. These are
from the fall of 1970. I’ll send some more later.

R

email Russell Towle ([email protected])

The Cabin at Ano Nuevo

Bigfoot***

Cabin Seaward

***Bigfoot

June: Is there a story behind Bigfoot’s moniker?

Russell: Yes, he was somewhat tall, around 6’3″, and had spectacularly big
feet. He and I both went barefoot all the time so our feet were always
out there. Our feet were so damn tough after a year of no shoes …

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The AN Lighthouse Window: John Vonderlin asks Russell Towle

Story by John Vonderlin
email John ([email protected])

email Russell Towle ([email protected])

The beam was cool,
but the window is even better.

Hi Russell,

You’ve got a wonderful piece of history, that you can proud that you went to the trouble to save. Just getting back from the Island without breaking it must have been a challenge.

Can you help me understand where it was. The Ano Nuevo Light Station State State Parks website at  http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=23852 has extensive documentation about the Island. Below the first paragraph is a link “to view the entire 12 Megs of documentation.” Clicking that opens up access to an impressive amount of historical info about Ano Nuevo and other lighthouses. There is a story about and pictures of nearly every building on the Island. The whole presentation is so thorough I was expecting to see mention of the driftwood structures in the dunes up the beach on the mainland in the early 70s. I think it would be great if you can find a photo that shows your window and mark its position for us. Now that’s an unusual provenance.
Page 32 is a photo of the fog whistle, the first safety device built there in the 1800s. It’s a concrete-lined, circular depression in the ground with a sphere with a hole in its top sitting in the middle. Was that the structure you were talking about that had rats in it?
Anything else you see in the photos that reminds you of something from your Island experiences I’d love to hear about. The Island nowadays, unfortunately, is a true Forbidden Zone that I’ll never have a chance to visit. If that disappoints me too much, I guess I can recall your description of the house with the foot thick layer of sea lions heading back to primordial ooze topped with a generous topping of their feces. That should do it without ever experiencing the smell, the cacophony of their endless barking, and the cold wind that whips across the Island interminably. Thanks. Enjoy. John
Hi John,
From the web page you directed me to:

“Other improvements to the island consisted of a water catchment
basin, together with a cistern and a tank.”

OK, I am sane after all.

The buildings more to the seaward side of the Island would have been
the fog whistle buildings. Apparently there were three different fog
horns or whistles installed over the years.

You know, John, interesting historical resources include, around 1880,
various official California country histories, often published by
Thompson & West. I believe there is a T & W History of San Mateo
County which I used to consult in the early 1970s.

Then there are the General Land Office maps, made over a period of
decades. Around here these begin around 1866. Each map showed a
“township” of thirty-six sections. That is, a township is six miles on
a side. Ideally. These “cadastral” surveys form the basis for all
legal property descriptions in CA. First they laid in the township
boundaries, then the section lines. And the surveyors took notes. So
you can not only consult various generations of the maps but for each
map are the survey notes.

So you might read something like, “Beginning at the SW corner of the
township I go north five chains thirteen links, cross Farmer Jones’
fence, fifteen chains three links find blazed fir witness corner to SE
corner of Rancho Cañada Grande, … .” And so on. All in longhand. The
Bureau of Land Management is the official custodian of these maps and
notes. Most people call them “GLO” maps.

————–

June: Moore & Depue published The Illustrated History of San Mateo County in the 1870s; the book was reproduced 100 years later, and is filled with clean illustrations of ranches and public buildings and includes the town of Pescadero (but not Half Moon Bay) and one of the Steele’s homes.

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Of Winds and Whales: Story by Russell Towle

Story by Russell Towle

email Russell ([email protected])

June, another recollection or two from my days at Año Nuevo Point, 1970-72.

Of Winds and Whales

The prevailing west winds of temperate latitudes are most often
northwest winds, along the Central California coast. At Año Nuevo
these northwest winds were strong and cold. The belt of cold upwelling
water which exists up and down the coast has to swing wide away from
Año Nuevo because of the Island. This cold water rises from depth and
brings nutrients with it, hence the robust fishery off the California
coast. It also chills the moist oceanic air mass below the dew point,
hence our fog. At times atmospheric conditions were such that clear
skies existed above the Point itself, but a mass of fog stood just
offshore, and from that fog gusted the Eternal Wind.

The only thing which stops that northwest wind is a cyclonic storm,
with its southerly or southwest winds. In summer the cyclonic storms
stay well to the north, and the fair-weather-regime northwest wind
howls, night and day, for weeks on end, without relief.

It is a horrible horrible thing. The farther one is from the beach,
the better, so far as that horrible horrible, damp, bone-chilling wind
is concerned. Hence all the old ranches are tucked up against the base
of the mountains, about as far from the beach as could reasonably be
managed. I myself lived eight feet or less from the beach. There was
no escape. It meant sweaters and jackets and scarves and wool hats all
summer long. And driftwood fires in my wood stove.

So close to the beach, the salt air quickly rusted away my galvanized
six-inch-diameter stove pipes. Once upon a time, with my stove pipe in
ruins, I spotted a badly-dented aluminum pipe along the margin of the
artichoke fields nearby. I felt it would harm no one to liberate this
ten-foot length of six-inch aluminum pipe, and soon I had a new stove
pipe.

One single length, too; what could be better than that?

All went well for a couple of months. One summer day Bigfoot and I
were shivering on the beach, and it seemed good to retreat to my
cabin, with armloads of driftwood, and to build a very good fire, and
then to pack one of Bigfoot’s magical little soapstone pipes with
certain excellent herbs, and bid defiance to the Eternal Wind.

Bigfoot, I should say, was tall and thin and deeply tanned, with
little bones and feathers and trinkets hanging here and there all
about his person, a wild bush of sun-gilded dark hair up on top, and
classic aquiline features. If he had not been a quasi-African Shaman,
he might have passed for an Italian Prince.

I was a regular expert at building fires. I prided myself upon my
fires. On this day, the wind so bitter, the sun itself shrouded in a
dismal and bitter fog, the driftwood itself damp from that Eternal
Wind, and wishing to dispel all this in favor of warmth, in favor of
an all-embracing warmth which would send even the merest ghosts of
coldness fleeing in desperation, I built the fire up rather nicely.
Too nicely, as it turned out.

I packed that stove with driftwood and opened all dampers.

Bigfoot and I relaxed in front of the stove in my tiny cabin, seated
on a wooden platform with some rotten foam padding it, and an Indian
blanket from Oaxaca hiding the truth of the matter, and we passed his
tiny pipe back and forth, gradually shedding jackets and sweaters. The
fire roared. We smoked. It roared. The stove pipe turned a little red.
It can happen. We smoked. A sense of peace and well-being settled upon
us. A lack of anxiety. A keen enjoyment of thundering waves, an actual
appreciation of funereal fog, a love of sand dunes and flowering bush
lupine and music; all this was felt.

Sitting there, I remarked to Bigfoot, “Look there, Bigfoot, how very
strange: it is as though you can see the flames inside the stove
pipe!”

The stove roared. We gazed at the stovepipe. It was red. But there was
a flickering to that redness, as though one could see flames right
through the metal. Right through the aluminum.

Then, in a sudden shock, we realized we actually could see flames
right through the stove pipe. In the space of seconds we realized that
all that remained of my aluminum stove pipe, for a distance of two or
three feet above the stove, was a thin film, that tenuous something
which is left when 99% of the metal is melted, vaporized, or whatever.
In those few seconds, that last transparent film itself disappeared,
and we were faced with flames blowtorching up from my stove into my
cabin.

We ran out into my kitchen area, with its sand floor, grabbed a bucket
and an empty pot, made some running leaps down onto the beach, and
dipped up ocean water. Then we charged back. The redwood paneling I
had added to the inside of the walls and ceiling was on fire; we threw
one bunch of water into the stove, another on the burning redwood, and
ran and jumped back for more. In a few minutes we had it out.

This was a depressing thing. However, we retreated to Bigfoot’s cabin
and packed up the pipe again. We got a fire going in his stove, and
all was well.

Some years later I was spending the summer at Año Nuevo, living in the
Big House built for Janet and Merrill, who had moved back to Los Altos
while work proceeded on their new place in Pescadero. That horrible
horrible wind never let up. It happened that a kite was in the house.

I should mention that in 1970 I had hit upon the idea of taking curved
lengths of bull kelp, which had dried hard on the beach, and by
cutting them off at a suitable point, and opening a hole in the “bell”
of the kelp, I could make a nice horn, blown like a trumpet, from
which several notes could be sounded. I called them Kelphorns, and
sometimes we had five or ten around. They were a lot of fun. One could
pick out elaborately curved lengths of bull kelp and make a horn six
feet long.

I got the kite up in the air, up into that northwest wind, and started
paying out string. I had a big roll of string and soon the kite was a
quarter-mile away. I tied it off to one of the porch posts, and days
later it was still flying strong.

I began to wonder just how strong that wind could be. The Eternal Wind
was beginning to surprise even me. I reeled the kite back in most all
the way, and started tying Kelphorns to the string. Was the Eternal
Wind up to the task of lifting a Kelphorn?

It was. That cruel wind laughed at the task, and lifted kite and
Kelphorn high. I tied a second, third, and fourth Kelphorn to the
string, about ten yards apart from one another, and paid out my
quarter-mile of string again.

It was a noble thing to see those Kelphorns floating in air over the
sand dunes to the south. The string at that distance was entirely
invisible. I tied it off to the porch post again, and watched my
Flying Kelphorns for two weeks straight. Finally the Eternal Wind
abated just enough to let the horns drop down into the dunes.

It did not stop, it only lessened.

Oh, we became unwilling students and connoisseurs of the winds of Año
Nuevo. Only rarely was it ever truly still, and even then, the ocean
swell rarely diminished. The principal direction in which the swells
move is northwest to southeast, but a strong cyclonic storm, or series
of cyclonic storms, and set up a southwest well. If the winds are
rarely still there, how much more rarely is the ocean ever still.

While staying at Año Nuevo Island one winter day, with a single
researcher, I noticed that the ocean had calmed remarkably. It was not
“flat as a mill-pond,” but the swell was much diminished. The Island
causes wave refraction, and a curious situation obtains in the Channel
between the Point and the Island: waves come into the Channel from
both sides, from northwest and from southwest.

This made for a somewhat perilous crossing on the Zodiac raft the
scientists used. Waves would come at the raft from left and from
right. They would collide into little mountains of water.

On this day, though, even the Channel seemed calm. I went to the
researcher, and pointed out how amazingly calm the ocean was, and
suggested we take the Zodiac out, for a turn around the Island.

We did so. Almost immediately we discovered that even when the ocean
seems calm, and the swells, small, to actually be out there on those
small swells is, well, dramatic. We were being heaved and tossed all
over the place. After about five minutes we both deemed it an exercise
in foolhardiness and turned back to the safety of the shore.

On another winter’s day, the wind was mysteriously still, the air
mysteriously warm, and the ocean was actually as flat as a mill-pond.
I have never seen the like. A weak cyclonic storm had brought no rain,
only a south wind for several days running, which had damped down that
northwest swell. It had erased it. I was on the beach at dawn and
within an hour or so had shed all my clothes. It was such a blessing,
a warm day at Año Nuevo.

Gone, the sweaters, gone the heavy coats, gone the scarves and hats.

Looking out over the mystery-sea, gleaming with color, iridescent like
an abalone shell, it came to me that the canoe up at the Greenhouse
would be a wonderful thing to have at the beach. I began to run and
scamper though the dunes. I met Bigfoot wandering seaward with an
amazed expression on his face, and in a few minutes of excited
exhortation, convinced him to help me carry the canoe down to the
beach.

We carried it that quarter-mile or so, and walked directly into the
ocean, set the canoe down, stepped calmly in, and began paddling.

There were no waves to worry about. We struck out west and soon the
beach was far behind us. Beds of kelp appeared, each with a horde of
sea-birds resting upon it. We continued west, going from kelp bed to
kelp bed, and scaring clouds of white birds into the air.

The Island was now well astern to our left, and we could see from
Pescadero to Santa Cruz. A final kelp bed, a final horde of white
birds, stood farther out to sea, and we made for it. I’d say we were
over two miles from shore. Just as we neared our Ultima Kelp, three
Gray Whales breached the surface a few yards in front of us, expelling
spray from their blowholes, and turning their eyes upon us.

All of a sudden I realized we were miles from shore, without life
vests or anything of the sort, in a flimsy, flimsy canoe. We were
stark naked but that was not the issue. Three whales fifty feet or
less from our canoe was the issue. Bigfoot and I oohed and ahed and
then he began paddling again. Towards the whales. I emitted a choked
scream and began paddling backwards very very strongly.

“Bigfoot, what are you doing!” I shrieked.

“I want to see the whales!!!” answered Bigfoot.

Every stroke of his paddle was answered with an equal and opposite
stroke of my own. We spun in a circle, and drew no closer to the
whales.

He finally desisted in trying to paddle right up to the whales. In a
minute they sank below the surface and were gone. We saw no more kelp
to the west, and were becoming sunburned anyway. So we made for the
shore, but took a detour towards the Island, getting a good look at it
and at the Channel, where a complex of reefs was visible underwater,
for, along with the complete stilling of the wind, the complete
damping of the swell, along with that came a settling-out of sand and
clay suspended in the water. We could see urchins and starfish quite
clearly twenty feet underwater. It was quite amazing.

Such was one of my best days at Año Nuevo Point.

Russell Towle

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